Nineteen patients with congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) aged over
16 years were given a neuropsychological evaluation; no significant di
fferences with individually matched normal controls were detected. CAH
subjects, however, revealed slightly higher IQs with respect to the e
xpected distribution. No significant learning disabilities could be de
tected. Fifteen patients underwent nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR); 4
subjects showed small areas of increased signal intensity in the whit
e matter, without prevalence of side; this finding did not correlate w
ith clinical and cognitive characteristics. The results are discussed
in the light of possible hormonal influences.