Dl. Frankenfield et Sp. Baker, EPIDEMIOLOGY OF HOT-AIR BALLOON CRASHES IN THE UNITED-STATES 1984-88, Aviation, space, and environmental medicine, 65(1), 1994, pp. 3-6
Hot-air ballooning crashes in the U.S. during 1984-88 were examined us
ing National Transportation Safety Board reports. The 138 crashes occu
rred most frequently during recreational flights (51% of the total) an
d paid rides (28%). A total of 480 persons were involved; 6 were kille
d and 123 seriously injured. Pilot error contributed to 88% of the cra
shes, and equipment failure or malfunction to 11%. Of the six fatal cr
ashes, five involved collision with power lines. Crashes occurring out
side optimal flying times accounted for 15% of the total. Pilots with
10 h or less flight time accounted for fewer than expected crashes. Al
l five student pilots flying solo sustained serious injuries. Suggeste
d prevention efforts include better training in avoidance of power lin
es and proper handling of rapid descents; more stringent and frequent
flight testing of pilots; and a longer training period before granting
pilot certificates. Attention should be given to delethalizing balloo
n crashes and encouraging the use of protective equipment.