EPIDEMIOLOGY OF HOT-AIR BALLOON CRASHES IN THE UNITED-STATES 1984-88

Hot-air ballooning crashes in the U.S. during 1984-88 were examined us ing National Transportation Safety Board reports. The 138 crashes occu rred most frequently during recreational flights (51% of the total) an d paid rides (28%). A total of 480 persons were involved; 6 were kille d and 123 seriously injured. Pilot error contributed to 88% of the cra shes, and equipment failure or malfunction to 11%. Of the six fatal cr ashes, five involved collision with power lines. Crashes occurring out side optimal flying times accounted for 15% of the total. Pilots with 10 h or less flight time accounted for fewer than expected crashes. Al l five student pilots flying solo sustained serious injuries. Suggeste d prevention efforts include better training in avoidance of power lin es and proper handling of rapid descents; more stringent and frequent flight testing of pilots; and a longer training period before granting pilot certificates. Attention should be given to delethalizing balloo n crashes and encouraging the use of protective equipment.