A review is given on general aspects and specific indications of preve
ntive drug treatment. Particularly in the elderly, drug prescription f
or preventive reasons has to be considered according to risk/benefit a
spects. Quality of life is a major concern for patients on long-term t
reatment. However, relevant investigations have been few and clear the
rapeutic guidelines are still lacking, especially for the old-old. Mos
t important areas of preventive medication are cardio-and cerebrovascu
lar diseases. Further topics of prevention include the prophylaxis of
thromboembolic complications, osteoporosis, postmenopause, and vaccina
tions.