In an attempt to further characterize infections due to Xanthomonas ma
ltophilia (XM), we reviewed 50 case reports observed in our institutio
n. XM is emerging as an important nosocomial pathogen in immunocomprom
ised patients, especially those receiving broad spectrum antimicrobial
antibiotherapy. Distinction between colonisation and infection is oft
en difficult. XM presents a therapeutic challenge because of its tende
ncy to exhibit multiple resistance.