BENZODIAZEPINES AND ELECTROCONVULSIVE-THERAPY

Benzodiazepines (BZD) possess anticonvulsant properties that may poten tially elevate seizure threshold, inhibit seizure propagation, and alt er some of the neurobehavioral effects of electroconvulsive shock (ECS ) in animal models. Nevertheless, considerable controversy exists rega rding the clinical impact of oral BZD use during electroconvulsive the rapy (ECT). The existing literature is contradictory, and all studies attempting to address this topic suffer from important design flaws. M ost studies are retrospective and some address only seizure duration. Also, studies examining treatment outcome are difficult to compare bec ause of differing types and dosages of BZD, varied electrode placement and stimulus energy, and lack of information about the relationship o f the stimulus energy to the patients' seizure thresholds. While firm conclusions must await further studies, limited data suggest that BZD have the potential to shorten seizure duration and decrease treatment efficacy, particularly with unilateral ECT.