CHARGE AGENT STUDIES .3. THERMAL-PROPERTIES AND TRIBOELECTRIC BEHAVIOR OF TRIMETHYLANILINIUM SULFONATES IN ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHIC TONERS

The syntheses and properties of 20 quaternary anilinium and ammonium s alts are described. In particular, thermal properties such as melting points and decomposition temperatures are discussed with respect to: ( a) changes in molecular structure of the salts, (b) the degree of disp ersibility of the salts when incorporated as charge-control agents (ch arge agents) in dry electrophotographic toners, and (c) the triboelect ric behavior of the resulting developers. It is found that charge agen ts with melting points above the toner compounding temperature exhibit higher than expected levels of the charge agent on the toner surface. The presence of a long hydrocarbon ballast on the cation for these hi gher-melting salts results in an intermediate level of phase separatio n.