P. Beyer et al., CENTER-MANIFOLD THEORY FOR LOW-FREQUENCY EXCITATIONS IN MAGNETIZED PLASMAS, Physical review. E, Statistical physics, plasmas, fluids, and related interdisciplinary topics, 48(6), 1993, pp. 4665-4673
For the dissipative trapped-ion mode, a simple one-dimensional nonline
ar model equation, including the effects of instability, dissipation,
and dispersion, is investigated. The center-manifold theory is applied
to the situation of more than one marginally stable mode, and the dyn
amics in the neighborhood of the onset of instability is elucidated. D
epending on the (three) relevant parameters, stable solitary waves, mi
xed modes, heteroclinic orbits, etc., can exist; a scenario for the no
nlinear dynamical behavior is developed. The bifurcation diagrams are
drawn with quantitative predictions in parameter space. An important c
onclusion is that the codimension-two analysis utilized can predict su
ccessive bifurcations which cannot be captured by simple analysis of o
ne unstable mode. The analytical calculations are checked by numerical
simulations.