Scanning electron microscope images for trench structures are simulate
d by calculating electron trajectories with a Monte Carlo method. Elec
tron trajectories both inside and outside the trench are fully simulat
ed. Using this simulation, the natures of the secondary electron image
and the backscattered electron image are quantified. The signal varia
tions are shown as functions of the size of the trench, the primary el
ectron energy, and the beam diameter.