Ay. Zhuikov et al., QUANTITATIVE 2-PROCESS ANALYSIS OF AVOIDANCE-CONDITIONING IN GOLDFISH, Journal of experimental psychology. Animal behavior processes, 20(1), 1994, pp. 32-43
The shuttlebox performance of goldfish was studied under standardized
conditions in a variety of problems-with or without an avoidance conti
ngency, a conditioned stimulus (CS)-termination contingency, and an es
cape contingency. The effects of CS-only, unconditioned stimulus (US)-
only, and explicitly unpaired training were also examined. All the dat
a could be simulated quantitatively with a version of O.H. Mowrer's (1
947) 2-process theory expressed in 2 learning equations (1 classical,
the other instrumental) and a performance equation. The good fit sugge
sts that the theory is worth developing further with new experiments d
esigned to challenge it.