EFFECT OF GLUCOSE LYSINE MAILLARD REACTION-PRODUCTS ON BACTERIAL AND MAMMALIAN-CELL MUTAGENESIS

A glucose-lysine (gluc-lys) browning reaction mixture and its fraction ated components were examined for mutagenic (Salmonella typhimurium st rains TA-100 and TA-98) and clastogenic (chromosome aberration) activi ties, both in the presence and in the absence of a liver S-9 mix. Muta genic activity was observed with the gluc-lys Maillard reaction produc ts (MRP) in both TA-98 and TA-100 test strains without S-9 pretreatmen t but was reduced in TA-100 and eliminated totally in TA-98 with added S-9. Considerable variation in active dose ratios for both intact and nonvolatile neutral and basic fractions of MRP and melanoidin fractio ns was found with different short-term tests used to estimate genotoxi city. Clastogenic responses were observed in both MRP reactant interme diates and high molecular weight melanoidins without S-9 and were redu ced in all fractions with S-9 pretreatment.