Methodological approaches to the organization of epidemiological inves
tigation concerned with hygienic regulation of chemical carcinogens ar
e presented. The main aspects are illustrated by the epidemiological s
tudy of the effects of carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons,
in particular, benz(a)pyrene, on the incidence of lung cancer among th
e population. The correlation between aerogenic exposure of the carcin
ogens to the population in a number of cities and rural regions of Ukr
aine and the incidence of lung cancer is shown. Concentrations of the
carcinogens inducing a statistical reliable risk of increase of lung c
ancer morbidity in population were established by using mathematical m
odelling. The reliability of atmospheric air maximal permissible conce
ntration (MPC) for benz(a)pyrene (1.0 ng/c. m.), according to the onco
epidemiological index, is tested.