Deformation with high strain rates is usually accompanied by a signifi
cant heating of the sample caused by (nearly) adiabatic conditions. Th
e production of heat and the storage of internal energy is considered
here in detail based on a microstructural model. It is shown that the
production of vacancies due to the plastic deformation has a strong in
fluence on the temperature rise. Furthermore, an example for the imple
mentation of the evolution equations of dislocation densities and vaca
ncies in the finite element program LS-DYNA3D is presented.