Gjm. Vanbeerendonk et al., BLOCKING OF IN-VITRO DNA-REPLICATION BY DEOXYCYTIDINE ADDUCTS OF THE MUTAGEN AND CLASTOGEN 2-BROMOACROLEIN, Cancer research, 54(3), 1994, pp. 679-685
Calf thymus single-stranded DNA was modified with 2-bromoacrolein (2BA
), a genotoxic metabolite of tris(2,3-dibromopropyl)phosphate. This DN
A was used as a template for in vitro DNA replication by T7-polymerase
and Klenow fragment of Escherichia coli DNA polymerase I. Increasing
levels of 2BA modification led to decreased DNA synthesis as measured
by [methyl-H-3]dTTP incorporation. M13 mp19 single-stranded DNA templa
te modified with 2BA was used to determine the sites of termination of
DNA replication by T7 polymerase and Klenow fragment of Escherichia c
oli DNA polymerase I. It was found that DNA replication stopped freque
ntly before and occasionally opposite deoxycytidine nucleotides. These
results indicated that an as yet unidentified deoxycytidine:2BA adduc
t may have been formed in the reaction of 2BA with M13 DNA. To investi
gate if such adducts were formed, we reacted 2BA with deoxycytidine in
vitro at pH 4.4, and putative deoxycytidine:2BA adducts were isolated
by high-performance liquid chromatography. They were characterized by
H-1 and C-13 nuclear magnetic resonance and with fast atom bombardmen
t mass spectrometry as two diastereomeric ,4-dihydro-2-hydroxy-(2H,7H)
[1,6-a]pyrimidin-6-one adducts and a bofuranosyl)-(4H,7H)-pyrimido[1,6
-a]pyrimidin6-one adduct. Only the latter adduct, however, was formed
in the reaction of 2BA with calf thymus single-stranded DNA in vitro.
Tris(2,3-dibromopropyl)phosphate is clastogenic. Because clastogenicit
y may result from DNA adducts that block replication, the role of the
presently identified deoxycytidine adducts of the reactive metabolite
2BA in the clastogenicity of tris(2,3-dibromopropyl)phosphate is discu
ssed.