Afg. Quest et al., A PHORBOL ESTER BINDING DOMAIN OF PROTEIN KINASE-C-GAMMA - DELETION ANALYSIS OF THE CYS2 DOMAIN DEFINES A MINIMAL 43-AMINO ACID PEPTIDE, The Journal of biological chemistry, 269(4), 1994, pp. 2961-2970
Cysteine-rich regions of protein kinase C (PKC) are critical for the l
ipid-dependent regulation of activity and are implicated in the coordi
nation of zinc. A glutathione S-transferase fusion protein containing
the second cysteine-rich region, Cys2, of PKCgamma with bound zinc wit
h a stoichiometry of 1.8 +/- 0.1 mol of zinc/mol of protein. Deletion
analysis within this cysteine-rich region defined amino acids essentia
l for zinc coordination. An NH2-terminal histidine (His102) and a COOH
-terminal cysteine (Cys151) were both critical for the coordination of
distinct zinc atoms. Both represent the ultimate residues of a 50-ami
no acid consensus motif with six conserved cysteines and two conserved
histidines present in the cysteine-rich regions of all PKC isoforms.
Removal of histidine His102 abolished phorbol ester binding, while del
etion of cysteine Cys151 did not. Deletion of valine (Val147) greatly
diminished phorbol ester binding, which was completely lost only when
valine (Val144) was also deleted. No significant further reduction in
zinc stoichiometry below one resulted even when three COOH-terminal co
nserved cysteines (Cys151, Cys143, and Cys135) and a conserved histidi
ne (His140) were deleted. These results are consistent with a model in
which two zinc atoms are tetracoordinated per cysteine-rich region in
two independent coordination spheres that are not functionally equiva
lent. These analyses determine a minimal peptide (residues 102-144) of
43 amino acids capable of [H-3]PDBu binding.