Geochemistry provides a natural, but poorly exploited, link between re
servoir geology and engineering. We summarize some current application
s of geochemistry to reservoir description and stress that, because of
their strong interactions with mineral surfaces and water, nitrogen a
nd oxygen compounds in petroleum may exert an important influence on t
he pressure/volume/temperature (PVT) properties of petroleum, viscosit
y and wettability. The distribution of these compounds in reservoirs i
s heterogenous on a submeter scale and is partly controlled by variati
ons in reservoir quality. The implied variations in petroleum properti
es and wettability may account for some of the errors in reservoir sim
ulations.