Taught 4 preschool leukemia patients (ages 3-5) to engage in specific
coping behaviors before and during painful intramuscular and intraveno
us injections. Parents were taught to coach their children in the use
of the coping behaviors. Intervention was delivered in a multiple base
line across-subjects design. Parent and child behavior was coded using
the Child-Adult Medical Procedure Interaction Scale-Revised (CAMPIS-R
, Blount, Powers, and Sturges) and Observation Scale of Behavioral Dis
tress (OSBD, Elliott, Jay, Woody). Parents and nurses rated child beha
vior as well. Results indicated that parents learned coping promoting
behaviors, children learned specific coping behaviors, and children di
splayed less behavioral distress. Maintenance of behavior change was a
d dressed. Contributions of this study to the current literature on ch
ildren's coping with invasive medical procedures and implications for
future research and clinical practice are discussed.