VIDEOFLUOROSCOPY IN CERVICAL-SPINE TRAUMA - AN INTERINTERPRETER RELIABILITY STUDY

Objective, The primary purpose of this study was to determine if, when confronted with a series of cervical videofluoroscopic (VF) studies, board certified radiologists who are trained in the interpretation of VF spinal examinations would be in agreement with one another with reg ard to the findings of normal, hypomobile or hypermobile intersegmenta l motion. As a secondary objective, we polled participating physicians regarding demographic issues such as time in practice, self-assessmen t of proficiency, the type of training received in VF interpretation a nd the number of VF studies read per year, in order to determine if an y of these factors had any predictive value in terms of interexaminer agreement. Design: Seven patients who had been exposed to cervical acc eleration/deceleration (CAD) trauma from motor vehicle accidents were randomly selected from the practice of two of the authors (ACC and JSK ). Three volunteers, who were asymptomatic and had no history of neck pain or injury to the neck, were also recruited. In all cases, informe d consent was obtained in accordance with the Helsinki guidelines. Ten board qualified chiropractic radiologists were recruited to participa te in this study. Blinded to the history and identity of the patients and volunteers, the participants were asked to view the 10 VF studies and, in each case, to report either ''normal,'' ''hypomobile'' or ''un able to determine'' for all segments from OCC/C1 through C7/ T1. The r esulting data was analyzed for concordance using the kappa statistic. Kappa was calculated for all segments (OCC-T1) for agreement in ''norm al'' vs. ''abnormal'' motion. The two possible choices for abnormal (i .e., hypermobility and hypomobility) were pooled together. We also com pared the results of participants' responses to demographic questions with the results of their interpretations of the VF studies. Setting: An urban group practice. Four of the patients were those of an orthope dist (ACC) and three were those of a general practitioner (JSK). Patie nt/Other Participants: Seven patients were randomly selected from a la rger group of patients satisfying our selection criteria. Patients wer e chosen who had been exposed to CAD trauma and had been provided with at least 6 months of conservative chiropractic care, yet remained sym ptomatic as a result of their injuries. All had evidence of intersegme ntal instability in the cervical spine as defined by other investigato rs and none had any history of injury or pain in the cervical spine pr ior to their motor vehicle accident. Four males and three females with a mean age of 16 yr comprised the patient group. Two asymptomatic atr aumatic volunteers were males and one was female. They were age matche d to the patient group with a mean age of 38 yr. Intervention. This st udy did not entail any form of intervention. Main Outcome Measures. Ou r primary outcome measure was that of concordance or agreement between our group of 10 participant radiologists in regard to their interpret ations of the 10 VF studies provided to them, i.e., that of interinter preter reliability. Higher values of kappa suggested that agreement be tween the radiologists was not likely due to chance alone. Our seconda ry outcome measure was a correlation between the results of our demogr aphic questionnaires, completed by participating radiologists, and the overall interinterpreter reliability concordance. The hypothesis test ed was that radiologists who have institutional training in VF, more y ears of experience, and those who read more VF studies annually and se lf-rank their proficiency as ''high'' are more likely to agree with ot hers and/or are more likely to correctly analyze intersegmental motion than those whose training was less formal, and who have less experien ce, read fewer VF studies and self-rank their proficiency in reading V F as only ''adequate'' or lower.