THE INVOLVEMENT OF TISSUE-TYPE PLASMINOGEN-ACTIVATOR IN PARIETAL ENDODERM OUTGROWTH

When F9 stem cells are treated in suspension with retinoic acid, they differentiate into embryoid bodies (EBs) consisting of an inner core o f undifferentiated stem cells surrounded by an outer layer of visceral endoderm (VE). When these EBs are plated onto a fibronectin (FN)-coat ed substrate, VE-derived parietal endoderm (PE) cells migrate onto the substrate. It has been suggested that increased levels of tPA associa ted with the emerging PE cells may help mediate PE outgrowth. We now s how that goat anti-human tPA, an anticatalytic antibody that crossreac ts with mouse tPA, and a panel of serine protease inhibitors partially inhibit PE outgrowth. Extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation analysis demonstrates that PE cell-mediated degradation of [H-3]proline-labele d ECM is time- and cell concentration-dependent. A serine protease inh ibitor reduced the extent of degradation, suggesting that tPA might pl ay a role in PE outgrowth by cleaving the ECM. In support of this cont ention, we demonstrate that incubation of purified FN with conditioned medium plus plasminogen results in FN proteolysis. The degradation of FN is blocked by either serine protease inhibitors or goat anti-human tPA. Our data suggest that enhanced production of tPA during PE outgr owth may facilitate the migratory behavior of PE cells by mediating th e degradation of ECM components such as FN. (C) 1997 Academic Press.