Five populations of Drosophila melanogaster that had been selected for
postponed aging were compared with five control populations using two
-dimensional protein gel electrophoresis. The goals of the study were
to identify specific proteins associated with postponed aging and to s
urvey the population genetics of the response to selection. A total of
321 proteins were resolvable per population; these proteins were scor
ed according to their intensity. The resulting data were analyzed usin
g resampling, combinatoric, and maximum parsimony methods. The analysi
s indicated that the populations with postponed aging were different f
rom their controls with respect to specific proteins and with respect
to the variation between populations. The populations selected for pos
tponed aging were more heterogeneous between populations than were the
control populations. Maximum parsimony trees separate the selected po
pulations, as a group, from their controls, thereby exhibiting a homop
lastic pattern.