Wf. Decraemer et Sm. Khanna, MODELING THE MALLEUS VIBRATION AS A RIGID-BODY MOTION WITH ONE ROTATIONAL AND ONE TRANSLATIONAL DEGREE-OF-FREEDOM, Hearing research, 72(1-2), 1994, pp. 1-18
Vibration of a set of points distributed along the manubrium of cat wa
s measured with a heterodyne interferometer-in response to sinusoidal
acoustic signals. The observed motion did not fit pure rotation of the
malleus around a fixed axis coinciding with the anterior mallar and p
osterior incudal ligament as is classically assumed. As a first approx
imation a model of motion consisting of a rotational and a translation
al component was used. At low frequencies the rotation is mostly predo
minant, but the situation may be entirely reversed at mid and high fre
quencies. The presence of a translation besides rotation was also foun
d at some frequencies in the motion of the human malleus.