Using a material that already is in widespread use in humans, India in
k, the first EPR measurements in a human have been made, using the Ind
ia ink in a pre-existing tattoo. The EPR spectra of India ink are very
sensitive to the partial pressure of oxygen (pO(2)), thereby making i
t feasible to use this approach to measure pO(2) in tissues in patient
s. This potentially provides a means to measure this parameter directl
y with a sensitivity, accuracy, and repeatability that have not been a
vailable previously, and thereby to be able to individualize and guide
treatment of diseases such as cancer and peripheral vascular insuffic
iency.