A 46-year-old male without any subjective complaints was diagnosed by
radiography as having one polypoid lesion at the distal esophagus. End
oscopy indicated a semipedunculated polyp about 1 cm in size, the spec
imens of which included atypical cells with a high N/C ratio in the su
bmucosa. Squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus was suspected. Cytol
ogical studies of PAS, CEA and keratin staining to atypical cells were
all negative, with Lugol solution staining of the tumor. After polype
ctomy the lesion was diagnosed as a squamous cell papilloma of the eso
phagus; and the atypical cells were determined to be immature fibrobla
sts and/or endothelium.