THE INFLUENCE OF APOLIPOPROTEIN-E POLYMORPHISM ON PLASMA-CONCENTRATIONS OF APOLIPOPROTEIN-B AND A-I DURING THE FIRST YEAR OF LIFE

Apolipoprotein (apo)E polymorphism has been shown to be associated wit h different serum levels of cholesterol, apoB, and apoE. In clarifying the degree of influence of the apoE isoforms, investigations in an ea rly stage of life are useful. The aim of the study was to investigate the plasma levels of apoB and apoA-I as structural proteins of low and high density lipoproteins, in relation to apoE phenotypes during the first year of life. Conclusions about the relationship between apoE ph enotype and the development of the lipoprotein patterns can be drawn. The concentrations of apoB and apoA-I in capillary plasma as well as t he apoE phenotype were estimated in 199 newborns (7 days old) and in f ollow-up investigations of a subgroup of 45 at 1, 4, 12, 24, and 52 we eks. The phenotype frequencies were as follows: 70% apoE 3/3, 16% apoE 3/4, 10% apoE 2/3, 2.5% apoE 2/2, and 1.5% apoE 4/2. The plasma conce ntrations of apoB and apoA-I in the newborns (7 days old) averaged 55% of the adult value and increased toward the end of the first year of life up to approximately 85%. The course of the plasma concentrations of apoB and apoA-I in relation to the apoE phenotype showed that, begi nning at 24 weeks, the apoB levels were significantly lower for the ph enotype E 2/2 and in tendency also for the phenotype E 2/3 in comparis on with E 3/3. At the end of the first year of life, the apoB levels i n infants with apoE phenotype 2/2 increased only by 50% and yielded 0. 59 g/L. But the apoB levels of infants with other apoE phenotypes (apo E 2/3, 3/3, 4/2, 4/3) increased during the same period related to thei r phenotype between 78% ad 90% (absolute 0.71 to 0.91 g/L). In contras t, apoA-I concentrations were independent of the apoE phenotype. It is concluded that already in infancy apoE polymorphism influences the me tabolism of apoB- and apoE-containing lipoproteins.