Despite the tremendous progress made in the understanding of the molec
ular biology of Leishmania and the clinical possibilities presented by
some experimental chemotherapeutic agents, no new drugs have been dev
eloped for the treatment of leishmaniasis since the introduction of th
e pentavalent antimonials more than 50 years ego. As reviewed here by
Maurice M. Iwu, Joan E. Jackson and Brian G. Schuster, recognition of
the current extensive use of herbal therapy in Leishmania-endemic regi
ons has renewed interest in evaluation of plant remedies used in tradi
tional medicine as sources of potential antileishmanials.