Mastery motivation of children with Down syndrome and MA-matched typic
ally developing children was examined. The two groups performed simila
rly with respect to the quality of their play but differed in level of
task engagement and causality pleasure. The children with Down syndro
me appeared to be less engaged in the task than were the typically dev
eloping group as indicated by shorter sequences of goal-directed behav
ior and higher rates of toy rejection. In addition, the children with
Down syndrome displayed less causality pleasure with object exploratio
n than did the typically developing children.