The development of compartment syndrome is a well-recognized clinical
entity. The diagnosis and management of compartment syndrome in the ad
ult population is well established. Because of the difficulty with coo
peration in physical examination of children with pain, the early reco
gnition of compartment syndrome in this group of patients can be more
challenging. Furthermore, the potential inability to make a prompt and
accurate diagnosis can lead to significant extremity morbidity and po
ssibly mortality.