NORMAL VALUES OF ISOKINETIC MAXIMUM STRENGTH, THE STRENGTH VELOCITY CURVE, AND THE ANGLE AT PEAK TORQUE OF ALL DEGREES OF FREEDOM IN THE SHOULDER/

Many acute and chronic complaints in the shoulder joint are due to a r educed active stabilization capacity. Procedures to measure isokinetic strength are used to objectify the muscle deficits and imbalances of various muscle groups. In this study, standard values and reference ra nges were determined for peak torque (PT), strength/ velocity curve, a nd range of motion (ROM) at peak torque in the shoulder in 19 untraine d women and 32 men. Differentiation was made by the individual degrees of freedom of the shoulder joint and the various types of work (conce ntric, isometric, eccentric). Moreover, the influence of height, body weight, and body mass index on isokinetic maximum strength development was investigated. It was found that it is necessary to distinguish be tween the various movements and types of work in development of peak t orque. A decrease in maximum strength is observed in the sequence exte nsion, adduction/ flexion, abduction/internal rotation, external rotat ion. The maximum strength of men was determined to be higher than that in women. ROM shows a wide fluctuation and does not possess high vali dity. Height, as well as body weight and body mass index have only sli ght influence on the isokinetic maximum strength in the shoulder of un trained men and women.