Cordocentesis is a feasible, reliable, and safe method for fetal evalu
ation of a wide variety of disorders. It has allowed for in-utero trea
tment of fetal red cell isoimmunization and opened future routes for o
ther fetal therapies. In this review, results of a multicenter intraut
erine fetal blood sampling registry will be presented, outlining curre
nt indications, techniques, and complications of the procedure. In add
ition, current research in the assessment and treatment of fetal eryth
rocyte isoimmunization and infection, as well as the role of cordocent
esis in rapid genetic karyotyping. work-up of non-immune hydrops, feta
l platelet abnormalities, and fetal growth restriction will be reviewe
d. Recent work using cordocentesis to better understand fetal metaboli
sm, endocrinology, and immunology will also be reviewed.