A. Hoffart et al., CLOMIPRAMINE IN THE TREATMENT OF AGORAPHOBIC INPATIENTS RESISTANT TO BEHAVIORAL-THERAPY, The Journal of clinical psychiatry, 54(12), 1993, pp. 481-487
Background: Both behavior-modification methods and antidepressants hav
e proved to be effective in the treatment of agoraphobia. The authors
examined the effects of clomipramine on agoraphobia in patients who fa
iled to respond to exposure-based behavioral treatment. Method: Eighte
en patients with panic disorder with agoraphobia who had not responded
to previous inpatient behavioral treatment were recruited to a 12-wee
k, placebo-controlled, double-blind crossover study of clomipramine, a
t top doses of 150 mg/day for 3 weeks. The patients were assessed on m
easures of phobic avoidance, agoraphobic cognitions, panic, state and
trait anxiety, subjective anxiety, and depression. Results: One patien
t dropped out of the study after 6 weeks. On most outcome measures, th
e 17 study completers had significantly (p <.05) lower symptom scores
at posttest in the active drug period than at posttest in the placebo
period; however, the clinical gains were modest. Conclusion: The short
-term efficacy of clomipramine for agoraphobic patients who failed to
respond lastingly to behavioral treatment was demonstrated. It remains
to be shown that clomipramine can lead to clinically significant and
lasting benefits in these patients.