J. Bloxham et al., PREPARATION OF SOME NEW BENZYLIDENEMALONONITRILES BY AN SNAR REACTION- APPLICATION TO NAPHTHO[1,2-B]PYRAN SYNTHESIS, Heterocycles, 38(2), 1994, pp. 399-408
The reaction of 4-fluoro-3-nitrobenzylidene molononitrile (3) with pip
eridine and 1-naphthol yields the addition-elimination product (9) rat
her than the expected naphtho[1,2-b]pyran (7). This reaction is extend
ed to produce other 3,4-disubstituted benzylidenemalononitriles (10)-(
13). These compounds are then reacted with 1-naphthol and 4-methylmorp
holine producing the naphtho[1,2-b]pyrans (14)-(17).