PREPARATION AND UTILIZATION OF SOME ION-EXCHANGE STARCHES

Five types of cationic starches. were prepared via reacting methylolat ed poly (acrylamide)-starch graft copolymer with different aminating a gents. These aminating agents include ammonia, ethylamine, diethylamin e, triethylamine and ethylene diamine. The different factors affecting these reactions were investigated. These factors include liquor ratio , amine / methylol molar ratio, type of aminating agent, reaction dura tion and temperature. The amination extent and amination reaction effi ciency % were traced by estimating the nitrogen content of the aminate d starches. Characterization of the prepared cationic starches such as solubility, anion-exchange capacity, heavy metal anion removal, and m etal ions sorption were studied. Heavy metal anion removal efficiency % depends on the cationic starch used as well as the removed anion. Th e removal efficiency % of dichromate anion > removal efficiency % of f erricyanide anion irrespective the cationic starch used. The removal e fficiency % of both anions follow the order: ammonia derivative > trie thylamine derivative > ethyl amine derivative > ethylene diamine deriv ative > diethyl amine derivative. The metal ion sorption behaviour of the cationic starches follow the order: Pb++ > Cd++ > Zn++ > Cu++ > Co ++ The sorption efficiency % of any metal ion depends on the used cati onic starch. The sorption efficiency % of all metal ions on different cationic starches follow the order: ammonia derivative > triethylamine derivative > ethylamine derivative > ethylene diamine derivative > di ethylamine derivative. The prepared cationic starch bearing primary am ino group acquires the highest metal ion sorption efficiency % irrespe ctive the sorbed metal ion.