The Bernthsen Condensation is a convenient method for the preparation
of 9-alkylacridines from the reaction of a carboxylic acid with diphen
ylamine. Attempts to prepare 9-substituted acridines using alpha,beta-
unsaturated carboxylic acids gave 9-methylacridine as the only isolabl
e product. This compound most likely arises via the zinc-mediated meta
thesis of the carboxylic acid.