The Japanese health care system has been highly praised for its univer
sal access, freedom of patient choice, maintenance of a private system
, and creative funding. Japanese citizens enjoy general good health, l
ow infant mortality, and long life expectancy. Nevertheless, aspects o
f Japanese medical education, both graduate and undergraduate, and the
structure of academic departments differ from those seen in the Unite
d States. A sabbatical spent teaching general internal medicine in Jap
an provided the experience for this review of the Japanese system. I d
escribe the structure and function of departments of medicine and obse
rvations made at daily clinical teaching exercises in hospitals throug
hout the country.