INHIBITION OF APOPLASTIC AND SYMPLASTIC PEROXIDASE-ACTIVITY FROM NORWAY SPRUCE BY THE PHOTOOXIDANT HYDROXYMETHYL HYDROPEROXIDE

Young, clonal Norway spruce trees (Picea abies L.) were exposed for 2 years at high altitudes to ambient atmospheric concentrations of photo oxidants containing hydroxymethyl hydroperoxide (HMHP) as an important constituent. In spruce needles from a site with higher concentrations of organic peroxides in air, the apoplastic peroxidase activities wer e significantly lower than in needles exposed to lower organic peroxid e concentrations. Guaiacol peroxidase activities in total needle extra cts were not affected. In vitro HMHP at a concentration of 35 mu M inh ibited apoplastic and total needle guaiacol peroxidase activities by 5 0% at pH 5.25. At the same pH, ascorbate-specific peroxidase activity required about 100 mu M HMHP for 50% inhibition. At pH 7, 1.46 MM HMHP caused a 50% reduction in guaiacol peroxidase and a 13% reduction in ascorbate peroxidase activity. The present results suggest that HMHP i n ambient air may affect peroxidase activity in spruce needles. Peroxi dases located in the relatively acidic aqueous phase of the cell walls appear to be more susceptible to HMHP inhibition than those present i n neutral or slightly alkaline symplastic compartments of cells such a s the cytosol or chloroplasts.