WE provide evidence for a perceptual marker of neuroplasticity in fema
le mastectomy patients who reported phantom breast perceptions, When t
actile stimuli were delivered to dorso-thoracic, shoulder and pinna re
gions ipsilateral to the mastectomy, these patients (in some cases eve
n 5 days after the operation) referred the stimuli to the amputated br
east mainly to the nipple. The somatosensory representation of the sti
mulated regions is probably adjacent to the former representation of t
he amputated breast. These results suggest that input from stimulated
regions of the skin can drive neurones originally driven by input from
the amputated breast. The apparent functional relation between pinna
and nipple might give clues to the mechanisms underlying referred sens
ations and pain.