Nh. Zoubir et al., VISIBLE PHOTOLUMINESCENCE FROM CHEMICALLY ETCHED POROUS SILICON - INFLUENCE OF THE SURFACE-STATE, Solid state communications, 89(8), 1994, pp. 683-686
Visible photoluminescence is observed from both n-type and p-type sili
con samples subjected to a chemical dipping in NaNO2/HF solutions. Whi
le exposure to acidic environment is known to cause staining, this let
ter shows that a pre-mechanical abrasion of the silicon surface induce
s an enhancement of the emitted light from the entire abraded area. Th
e photoluminescence gradually degrades with subsequent thermal treatme
nts and visible light completely disappears after an annealing at 400-
degrees-C.