HEAD INFECTION AND ACCUMULATION OF FUSARIUM TOXINS IN KERNELS OF 12 BARLEY GENOTYPES INOCULATED WITH FUSARIUM-GRAMINEARUM ISOLATES OF 2 CHEMOTYPES

Twelve barley genotypes were inoculated with two F. graminearum isolat es of different chemotype I-1 #148 (producing nivalenol/deoxynivalenol ) and I-2 #108 (deoxynivalenol/acetyldeoxynivalenol). For both I-1 and I-2 isolates, respectively, reductions (%) in number of kernels head( -1) 10.6 and 14.3; yield 39.6 and 35.7; weight of 1000 kernels 36.9 an d 23.2 were observed in inoculated plants from control values. Chemica l analysis revealed the presence (average concentration mg kg(-1)) of deoxynivalenol(1.3) and nivalenol (3.2) in kernels of all genotypes in oculated with the I-1 isolate, and zearalenone (0.2) in three samples. After inoculation with the I-2 isolate, deoxynivalenol (37.8) and zea ralenone (0.4) were found in kernels of all genotypes, while 3-acetyld eoxynivalenol and 15-acetyldeoxynivalenol, respectively were determine d in five and four samples only. No significant correlation between ex amined characteristics was found for either the I-1 or I-2 isolate. Th e results obtained contribute information on the accumulation of toxin s in cereal grain inoculated with F. graminearum isolates of different chemotypes.