EXPRESSION OF THE INTEGRIN ALPHA(6)BETA(4) IN PERIPHERAL-NERVES - LOCALIZATION IN SCHWANN AND PERINEURAL CELLS AND DIFFERENT VARIANTS OF THE BETA(4) SUBUNIT

Integrin alpha(6) beta(4) is expressed in human peripheral nerves, but not in the central nervous system. This integrin heterodimer has prev iously been found in perineural fibroblast-like cells and in Schwann c ells (SCs), which both assemble a basement membrane but do not form he midesmosomes. We show here that in SCs, which had formed a myelin shea th, alpha(6) beta(4) was enriched in the proximity of the nucleus, at Ranvier paranodal areas and at Schmitt-Lanterman clefts; alpha(6) beta (4) was also found at the grooved interface between small axons and no n-myelinating SCs. Immunoprecipitation of human peripheral nerves, in combination with Western blotting showed that beta(4) is associated wi th the alpha(6A) subunit. Northern blot analysis of human peripheral n erves showed a single beta(4) transcript of 6 kb. Using the reverse tr anscriptase polymerase chain reaction, we detected two mRNA species, o ne for the most common (-70, -53) form of beta(4) and the other encodi ng the (+53) variant of beta(4). Cultured SCs were devoid of alpha(6) beta(4) but expressed alpha(6) beta(1), indicating that SCs lose beta( 4) expression when contact with neurons is lost. Thus, resting SCs in contact with axons express alpha(6A) in combination with beta(4), irre spective of myelin formation. We suggest that alpha(6) beta(4) express ed in SCs plays a role in peripheral neurogenesis.