Eighty-seven children, 6 to 16 years of age, with reading and/or spell
ing difficulties were trained in a new program (Phono-Graphix(TM)) tha
t emphasizes phoneme awareness training, sound-to-print orientation, c
urriculum design sequenced by orthographic complexity, and active pare
ntal supervision in homework assignments. The children's initial level
of competence to access the alphabet code was revealed by diagnostic
testing, and individualized sequences of instruction were developed. T
he children received 12 hours or less of one-to-one training, one hour
per week. Children gained an average of 13.7 standard score points on
word recognition (1.70 points per clinical hour) and 19.34 standard s
core points on nonsense word decoding (2.57 points per clinical hour).