Workers may be exposed to a range of bioaerosols in their work environ
ment which present hazards of infection, allergy and toxicosis. To ass
ess hazard and risk, workplace exposure to biological agents must be m
easured. Sampling strategies and methods must be relevant to workplace
conditions to ensure samples are representative. For example, selecti
on of an analytical method to measure airborne microorganisms depends
on the information required and the numbers and types of microorganism
s of interest. Methods for detecting large numbers of allergenic micro
organisms are likely to differ from those for infectious or toxic orga
nisms. Molecular techniques may complement current methods and provide
alternatives to culturing. Crown (C) 1997 Elsevier Science Ltd.