Sham-gonadectomized and gonadectomized male and female mice were given
methylcholanthrene s.c. to assess the influence of sex hormones on ca
rcinogenesis. Gonadectomy decreased the concentration of the respectiv
e sex hormone and increased the concentration of the opposite sex horm
one. The results showed that androgens enhanced the effectiveness of c
arcinogenesis, while estrogens had the opposite effect. Gonadectomy ef
fectively abrogated the sex differences in tumor induction