Kl. Yam et al., SHEAR CONVERSION OF CORN MEAL BY REVERSE SCREW ELEMENTS DURING TWIN-SCREW EXTRUSION AT LOW-TEMPERATURES, Journal of food science, 59(1), 1994, pp. 113-114
Corn meal was extruded in a twin-screw extruder to study effects of on
e and two reverse-screw elements on conversion at extrusion temperatur
es < 60 degrees C. Significant conversion was observed across the reve
rse-screw elements. The conversion was due to shear alone, since therm
al effect was negligible at these low temperatures. Encompassing the r
everse-screw elements were four visually distinct zones characterized
by the state of the material.