This report describes a patient with severe unexplained recurrent hemo
lytic anemia and congestive heart failure. Donath-Landsteiner antibodi
es, suggestive of paroxysmal cold hemoglobinuria (PCH), were detected.
On postmortem examination, a diagnosis of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, pri
marily involving the heart, was made. This previously undescribed asso
ciation expands on the clinical and serologic spectrum of non-Hodgkin'
s lymphoma and PCH. Unexplained hemolytic anemia in the elderly should
raise the suspicion of an underlying lymphoproliferative disorder.