During the last 20 years techniques and outcome of hematopoietic stem
cell transplantation improved due to immunologic, cytogenic and medica
l proceedings. Allogeneic as well as autologous transplantation of bon
e marrow, peripheral stem cells and cord blood are established in ther
apy of hematologic malignancies as well as solid tumors. Patients' age
rose up to 45 years in allogeneic and 65 years in autologous transpla
ntation, respectively. Purging methods of bone marrow or stem cell tra
nsplants are discussed. Bone marrow registry data are useful to improv
e therapy regimens.