G. Hairapetian et al., EXPERIMENTAL DEMONSTRATION OF DYNAMIC FOCUSING OF A RELATIVISTIC ELECTRON BUNCH BY AN OVERDENSE PLASMA LENS, Physical review letters, 72(15), 1994, pp. 2403-2406
Dynamic focusing of a 3.8 MeV electron bunch, a few collisionless skin
depths long approximately 3c/omega(p), by an overdense, thick plasma
lens has been demonstrated. Because of electron inertial effects, the
head of the bunch is virtually unaffected by the lens while the rest i
s focused to varying degree. Time-resolved measurements performed 31 c
m downstream of the plasma lens show that, in time, the bunch pinches
from an initial size of 2.7 mm (FWHM) to about 0.57 mm and then expand
s, in reasonable agreement with theory.