CONGENITAL SYNKINETIC MOVEMENTS ASSOCIATED WITH ELEVATION OF THE UPPER EYELID

Congenital synkinetic movement of the upper eyelid is rare. In this ca se report, we present a 4-year-old patient with a left upper eyelid pt osis that improved on abduction and became worse on adduction. The pat ient also had congenital esotropia and superior rectus palsy. Strabism us surgery was performed, and excellent surgical results were achieved . A 17-mm left levator aponeurectomy and myectomy was later performed with satisfactory results. Pathology studies of the levator muscle and aponeurosis showed no evidence of inflammation, degeneration, or atro phy. Electron microscopy showed no skeletal muscle abnormality. We pos tulate that this congenital synkinetic movement reflects an incomplete nerve cell dying process that occurs during the embryonic phase of de velopment.