S. Ferrini et al., THE LFA-1 ICAM CELL-ADHESION PATHWAY IS INVOLVED IN TUMOR-CELL LYSIS MEDIATED BY BISPECIFIC MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODY-TARGETED T-LYMPHOCYTES/, International journal of cancer, 56(6), 1994, pp. 846-852
We investigated the role of the LFA-1/ICAM, VLA-4/VCAM-1 and CD2/LFA-3
adhesion pathways in the cytolysis of tumor cells mediated by an anti
-EGF-R/anti-CD3 bispecific monoclonal antibody (biMAb). The biMAb indu
ced efficient lysis of EGF-R(+) tumor cells (A431, HT-29, IGROV-1 and
MDA-MB468) by cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) cultured in IL-2. Pre-trea
tment of effector cells by anti-LFA-1 alpha (CDIIa) and anti-LFA-1 bet
a (CD18) MAbs significantly inhibited cytolysis of all types of EGF-R(
+) tumor cells, while anti-CD2 and anti-VLA-4 MAbs were virtually inef
fective. We investigated the expression of adhesion-molecule counter-r
eceptors on tumor target cells by indirect immunofluorescence. HT-29,
A431 and MDA-MB 468 tumor cells expressed an ICAM-1(+)2(-)3(-) VCAM-1(
-) LFA-3(+) phenotype, while IGROV-1 was ICAM-1(-)2(+)3(-) VCAM-1(-) L
FA-3(+). Pre-treatment of A431, HT-29 and MDA-MB468 with anti-ICAM-1 M
Ab inhibited cytolysis, further supporting the functional involvement
of the LFA-1/ICAM adhesion pathway in biMAb-targeted tumor-cell lysis.
In addition, treatment of target cells with TNF alpha or IFN gamma fo
r 24 hr increased the expression of ICAM-1 in HT-29, A431 and MDA-MB46
8 (ICAM-2 was induced on IGROV-1) and also enhanced the sensitivity of
these target cells to biMAb-targeted cytotoxicity. These data suggest
that up-regulation of ICAM-molecule expression by inflammatory cytoki
nes may increase susceptibility of tumor cells to biMAb-targeted lysis
. Anti-LFA-1 MAbs did not significantly inhibit the formation of conju
gates between biMAb-coated T lymphocytes and tumor cells. Co-aggregati
on of LFA-1 molecules with biMAb-bound CD3 molecules resulted in a mor
e sustained and prolonged increase in the intracellular concentration
of free Ca++ in CD8(+) cultured CTL lines. These findings indicate tha
t in T cells targeted by anti-CD3/anti-TAA biMAb LFA-1 may act as a co
-receptor molecule which enhances signal transduction through the CD3/
TCR complex. (C) 1994 Wiley-Liss, Inc.