IN-VIVO PRODUCTION OF TUMOR-NECROSIS-FACTOR-ALPHA AND INTERLEUKIN-6 IN BALB C MICE INOCULATED INTRANASALLY WITH A HIGH-DOSE OF RESPIRATORY SYNCYTIAL VIRUS/

Intranasal administration of an inoculum of 10(7) focus-forming units (FFU) of respiratory syncytial (RS) virus induced disease in BALB/c mi ce with signs of anorexia, cachexia, ruffled fur, and pneumonia. Mice displayed mild signs of illness on day 1 postinoculation (PI), followe d by a transient recovery phase of 3 days. Disease rapidly reappeared on day 5 PI and worsened on subsequent days, with mortalities by day 7 PI. Mice inoculated with 5 x 10(6) FFU exhibited milder signs of dise ase, while those inoculated with 2 x 10(6) FFU and control mice given only Hep-2c cell suspension exhibited no noticeable signs of illness. High levels of bioactive tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were detected in both lungs and sera of mice inoc ulated with 10(7) FFU of virus. Peak levels of both cytokines were det ected at day 1 PI but remained detectable throughout the 7 day period studied postinoculation. Cytokine levels were much lower or were undet ectable in control mice. These results suggest that the macrophage is stimulated in vivo to produce inflammatory cytokines in response to RS virus infection. (C) 1994 Wiley-Liss, Inc.