PSEUDOSARCOMATOUS MYOFIBROBLASTIC PROLIFERATION OF THE BLADDER - REPORT OF 2 CASES AND LITERATURE-REVIEW

We report 2 cases of pseudosarcomatous myofibroblastic proliferations of the bladder unrelated to urological trauma. To our knowledge, these cases represent the longest followup (12 and 19 years, respectively) reported in the literature, which confirms the long-term benign nature of an entity that may be clinically and even pathologically mistaken as malignancy. A review of the literature revealed a female predominan ce (3:1), 50% of the cases manifested in the first 2 decades of life a nd mean age was significantly lower in male patients (p < 0.005). Thes e facts suggest the existence of a hormonal factor in the pathogenesis of this entity. A predilection for fundus, and the posterior and late ral walls also is demonstrated. In light of the complex embryogenesis of the cloacal territory, it could be hypothesized that this lesion ar ises from embryonal mesenchymal remnants of the endodermally derived u rinary tract.