The continuing disappointing results from recent major studies with an
tiarrhythmic drugs combined with the continuing excellent outcomes wit
h implantable cardioverter-defibrillators is making it exceedingly dif
ficult, ethically, to conduct future randomized trials comparing the 2
treatment options. On the other hand, the high quality of stored Holt
er electrograms and the therapy history retrievable from current impla
ntable cardioverter-defibrillators creates opportunities for needed tr
ials on drug efficacy without this ethical dilemma.